Juno, the spacecraft on a mission to Jupiter, is due to make an unprecedented close approach to the giant gas planet today.
Mission controllers at NASA said the robotic explorer will have all its nine scientific instruments activated when it flies 2,500 miles above Jupiter's swirling cloud tops at around 130,000mph.
Principal investigator Dr Scott Bolton, of the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, Texas, US, said: "This is the first time we will be close to Jupiter since we entered orbit on July 4. Back then we turned all our instruments off to focus on the rocket burn to get Juno into orbit around Jupiter.
"Since then, we have checked Juno from stem to stern and back again. We still have more testing to do, but we are confident that everything is working great, so for this upcoming flyby Juno's eyes and ears, our science instruments, will all be open.
"This is our first opportunity to really take a close-up look at the king of our solar system and begin to figure out how he works."
It is hoped the explorer will capture some stunning images from JunoCam, the probe's panoramic colour camera, and a wealth of scientific data from today's approach.
They should include the first detailed pictures of Jupiter's north and south poles, but it will take some days for the images and information gathered by Juno to be downloaded on Earth.
In total, 35 more close flybys are planned during Juno's primary mission, scheduled to end in February 2018.
No previous spacecraft has flown so near to Jupiter before.
Juno's mission includes measuring Jupiter's water content, mapping its magnetic fields and searching for signs of a solid core.
With more than twice the mass of all its sibling planets combined, Jupiter is believed to hold a key piece to the puzzle of how the planets formed some 4.65 billion years ago from the gas and dust left over after the birth of the sun.
Juno is part of Nasa's New Frontiers programme of robotic space missions which last year saw the New Horizons craft obtain close-up views of dwarf planet Pluto.
It has taken five years for Juno to complete the 1.8 billion-mile journey from Earth.
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